VAT stands for value-added tax and is also known as GST (Goods and Services Tax) in some other countries. VAT meaning – a type of tax, on the goods or services, which is collected on any value added during the production and the final stage. With additional value which is created during the production process, Value-Added Tax appears and is applied to most of the sales of goods and services. Find out more about each and every European state below ▼
Country | Standard VAT Rate | Registration Threshold |
---|---|---|
Albania | 20.0% | ALL 10 million |
Andorra | 4.5% | EUR 40,000 |
Armenia | 20.0% | AMD 115 million |
Austria | 20.0% | EUR 35,000 |
Azerbaijan | 18.0% | AZN 200,000 |
Belarus | 20.0% | No threshold for registration |
Belgium | 21.0% | EUR 25,000 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 17.0% | BAM 50,000 |
Croatia | 25.0% | HRK 230,000 |
Cyprus | 19.0% | EUR 15,600 |
Czech Republic | 21.0% | CZK 1 million |
Denmark | 25.0% | DKK 50,000 |
Estonia | 20.0% | EUR 40,000 |
Finland | 24.0% | EUR 15,000 |
France | 20.0% | EUR 85,800 |
Germany | 19.0% | EUR 22,000 |
Greece | 24.0% | EUR 10,000 |
Hungary | 27.0% | HUF 8,800,000 |
Iceland | 24.0% | ISK 2 million |
Ireland | 23.0% | EUR 75,000 |
Italy | 22.0% | EUR 65,000 |
Kazakhstan | 12.0% | EUR 30,000 |
Kosovo | 18.0% | EUR 30,000 |
Latvia | 21.0% | EUR 35,000 |
Lithuania | 21.0% | EUR 45,000 |
Luxembourg | 17.0% | EUR 35,000 |
Macedonia | 18.0% | MKD 2 million |
Moldova | 20.0% | MDL 1.2 million |
Monaco | 20.0% | EUR 33,100 |
Montenegro | 21.0% | EUR 18,000 |
Netherlands | 21.0% | EUR 25,000 |
Norway | 25.0% | NOK 50,000 |
Malta | 18.0% | EUR 35,000 |
Poland | 23.0% | PLN 200,000 |
Portugal | 23.0% | EUR 12,500 |
Romania | 19.0% | RON 118,000 |
Russia | 20.0% | No threshold for registration |
Slovak Republic | 20.0% | EUR 49,790 |
Slovenia | 22.0% | EUR 50,000 |
Spain | 21.0% | No threshold for registration |
Sweden | 25.0% | SEK 320,000 |
Switzerland | 7.7% | EUR 100,000 |
Turkey | 18.0% | No threshold for registration |
Ukraine | 20.0% | UAH 1million |
United Kingdom | 20.0% | GBP 85,000 |
Albania
Standard Value-added tax (VAT) rate is 20%:
Standard VAT period is the calendar month.
Taxable transactions include goods and services supplied domestically as well as goods imported into Albania by a taxable person.
Reduced VAT rate is 6%.
Zero-rated 0% goods and services: exports, supply of goods transported in the personal luggage of travellers, international transport.
Armenia
Value-added tax (VAT) is 20%
In Austria, the VAT rate depends on where the supply is made.
Azerbaijan
The standard rate of VAT is 18%.
Zero rating applies on:
Gold and other valuables to the Central Bank of Azerbaijan;
Exportation of goods and services;
Import of goods and implementation of works and provision of services to grant recipients on the expense of financial aid that is received received from abroad;
International and transit cargo and passenger transportation, as well as the supply of works and services directly connected with international and transit flights.
Belarus
The standard VAT rate is 20%, reduced rate is 10%.
Reduced rate applies on:
Local supplies of crop products;
import and/or local supplies of certain food products and goods for children;
import and/or local supplies of medicines and medical products.
Zero rated VAT applies on:
Supply of goods exported outside of Belarus;
Services related to the export or import of goods.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT, including the zero rate.
In Belgium, the following VAT rates apply:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate, the zero rate or exemption.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The standard VAT rate is 17%.
There is no reduced VAT rate in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The export of goods is zero-rated.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are subject to VAT. The following are the applicable VAT rates in Bulgaria.
No VAT is chargeable on zero-rated supplies but the taxable person may deduct the related input tax.
The term “taxable supply” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to any of the VAT rates, including supplies that are exempt with the right to deduct input VAT.
The following are the VAT rates in Croatia:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate or exemption.
The following VAT rates apply in Cyprus:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure allows a reduced rate, the zero rate or exemption.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT, including the zero rate.
In Denmark, the following are the two rates of VAT:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless specific measures provides for the zero rate or an exemption.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are subject to VAT.
The following are the VAT rates in Estonia:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure allows the reduced rate, the zero rate or an exemption.
The following are the current VAT rates in Finland:
The standard VAT rate applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure allows a reduced rate or exemption.
The standard VAT rate applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate or exemption.
Georgia
Standard VAT rate is 18% and it applies to:
Supply of all goods and services for consideration on the territory of Georgia.
A person established in Georgia must register as a VAT payer when its taxable turnover exceeds 100,000 Georgian GEL in 12-months.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT.
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure allows a reduced rate or exemption.
In Hungary, the following VAT rates apply:
The standard VAT rate applies to all supplies of goods and services unless a specific rule provides for a reduced rate or exemption.
The following are the VAT rates in Iceland:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure allows a reduced rate, the zero rate or an exemption.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable for VAT at any rate, including supplies made at the zero rate. In Ireland, the following VAT rates apply:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific provision allows a reduced rate, the zero rate or exemption.
Taxable supplies are supplies of goods and services that are liable to VAT at the following rates:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific provision allows a reduced rate or exemption.
Kazakhstan
Standard VAT rate in Kazakhstan is 12%.
Zero percent rate applies on:
Exports;
International transport services;
Oil.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are subject to VAT.
In Latvia, the following rates of VAT apply:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure provides for the reduced rate, the zero rate or an exemption. When an exemption is granted, there may be an option to tax.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT.
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure provides a reduced rate, the zero rate or an exemption.
The VAT rates are as follows:
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are subject to VAT.
In Luxembourg, the following VAT rates apply:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate or an exemption.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to VAT.
The VAT rates are:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides a reduced rate or an exemption.
Moldova
Standard VAT rate in Moldova is 20% and it applies to:
local supply of goods and services;
import of goods and services.
Since 2021 January 1st VAT rate was reduced for accommodation services, foods and beverages from 15% to 12%.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT, including the zero rate (0%).
The VAT rates are:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides a reduced rate, the zero rate or an exemption.
The VAT rates are:
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT, including the zero rate.
The VAT rates are:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate, the zero rate or an exemption.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT.
The VAT rates in Portugal are:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides for the intermediate rate, the reduced rate or an exemption.
Supplies within the scope of VAT are classified as taxable and exempt.
In the Russian Federation, the following are the VAT rates:
The standard rate of VAT (20%) applies to all supplies of goods (works and services) and property rights unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate, the zero rate or an exemption.
Serbia
on 1 January 2005 VAT was introduced to Serbia. The standard VAT rate is 20%.
Reduced VAT rate is 10% and it applies on:
basic food;
daily newspapers;
medicines;
publications;
public transportation services;
utilities.
0% VAT rate applies on:
trading in shares;
insurance and reinsurance;
the lease of apartments;
business premises.
The VAT rates are:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides for the reduced rate or exemption.
The following are the VAT rates in Spain:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate or exemption.
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT.
The VAT rates are:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate or an exemption.
The VAT rates are:
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services subject to VAT. In Turkey, the following VAT rates apply:
The standard VAT rate applies to all supplies of goods or services, unless a specific measure provides for a reduced rate or exemption.
Ukraine
In Ukraine there are four VAT rates: 20%, 7%, 14% and 0%.
14% applies to: import and supply of certain agricultural products.
7% applies to: supply and import of qualifying medicines and specific medical goods, as well as medicines, medical goods, and medical equipment for use in clinical trials.
0% applies to: export and re-export of goods, international transport services.
In the United Kingdom, the term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to a rate of VAT, including zero rates.
In the United Kingdom, the following are the VAT rates:
The standard rate of VAT applies to all supplies of goods or services unless a specific measure provides for the zero or reduced rate or an exemption.